Nile Valley
Ancient Egypt
3100 BCE — 30 BCE
Three millennia of dynastic rule along the Nile, from Menes to Cleopatra VII.
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Civilizations
Nile Valley
3100 BCE — 30 BCE
Three millennia of dynastic rule along the Nile, from Menes to Cleopatra VII.
Aegean & Mediterranean
800 BCE — 146 BCE
A constellation of city-states that shaped democracy, drama, and philosophy.
Mediterranean & Anatolia
509 BCE — 1453 CE
Republic, empire, and its long Eastern afterlife at Constantinople.
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Early humans shape cutting flakes from lava cobbles.
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c. 40,000 BCEOne of the oldest known human burials outside Africa, evidence of Aboriginal ritual life tens of thousands of years ago.
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The Burrup Peninsula holds perhaps a million engravings, among the largest rock art collections on Earth.
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c. 17,000 BCEIce Age artists cover a cave with some 600 painted animals.
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Thousands of paintings record a green Sahara of cattle herders, hunters and swimmers before the desert came.
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c. 4600 BCEThe Gunditjmara built stone channels to farm eels, one of the oldest aquaculture systems in the world.
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